Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate

The procurator-general of the Supreme People's Procuratorate is the head of the Supreme People's Procuratorate and is the highest-ranking prosecutor in China.

Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate of the People's Republic of China
中华人民共和国最高人民检察院检察长
Emblem of the Supreme People's Procuratorate
Incumbent Ying Yong since 11 March 2023
Supreme People's Court
Status	Deputy national-level official
Member of	Supreme People's Court
Reports to	National People's Congress and its Standing Committee
Seat	Beijing
Nominator	Presidium of the National People's Congress
Appointer	National People's Congress
Term length	Five years, renewable once consecutively
Constituting instrument	Constitution of China
Formation	1 October 1949; 75 years ago (1949-10-01)
First holder	Luo Ronghuan
Deputy	Deputy Procurator-General

Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate
Simplified Chinese	中华人民共和国最高人民检察院检察长
Traditional Chinese	中華人民共和國最高人民檢察院檢察長
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Zuìgāo Rénmín Jiǎncháyuàn Jiǎncházhǎng
Alternative Chinese name
Simplified Chinese	最高人民检察院检察长
Traditional Chinese	最高人民檢察院檢察長
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Zuìgāo Rénmín Jiǎncháyuàn Jiǎncházhǎng

Under the current constitution, the procurator-general is appointed by and serves at the pleasure of the National People's Congress (NPC), the legislature. The incumbent procurator-general is Ying Yong, who took office on 11 March 2023.

History

The Supreme People's Procuratorate of the Central People's Government was established on 1 October 1949. Luo Ronghuan served as the first procurator-general by the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

On 27 September 1954, the SPP of the Central People's Government was replaced with the SPP of the People's Republic of China.^{[citation needed]}

Selection

According to the Organic Law of the National People's Congress (NPC), constitutionally China's highest organ of state power, the prosecutor general is nominated by the NPC Presidium, the Congress's executive organ. However, the nomination is effectively made by the Chinese Communist Party, with the decisions being made among Party leaders. Although the Presidium could theoretically nominate multiple candidates for the prosecutor general, leading the election to be competitive, it has always nominated a single candidate for the office.

After the nomination, the prosecutor general is elected by the NPC, which also has the power to remove him and other state officers from their office. Elections and removals are decided by majority vote only in a NPC plenary session. The length of the prosecutor general's term of office is the same as the NPC, which is 5 years, and the prosecutor general is restricted to two consecutive terms of office. Since 2018, the new or returning prosecutor general is required to recite the constitutional oath of office before assuming office.

List of procurators-general

No.	Chairperson		NPC term	Took office	Left office	Political Party
1		Luo Ronghuan 罗荣桓	N/A	October 1, 1949	September 27, 1954	Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
2		Zhang Dingcheng 张鼎丞	1st	September 27, 1954	April 27, 1959
			2nd	April 27, 1959	January 3, 1965
			3rd	January 3, 1965	January 17, 1975
From 17 January 1975 to 5 March 1978, the post of Procurator-general of the Supreme People's Procuratorate was abolished.
3		Huang Huoqing 黄火青	5th	March 5, 1978	June 20, 1983	Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
4		Yang Yichen 杨易辰	6th	June 20, 1983	April 9, 1988
5		Liu Fuzhi 刘复之	7th	April 9, 1988	March 28, 1993
6		Zhang Siqing 张思卿	8th	March 28, 1993	March 17, 1998
7		Han Zhubin 韩杼滨	9th	March 17, 1998	March 16, 2003
8		Jia Chunwang 贾春旺	10th	March 16, 2003	March 16, 2008
9		Cao Jianming 曹建明	11th	March 16, 2008	March 15, 2013
			12th	March 15, 2013	March 18, 2018
10		Zhang Jun 张军	13th	March 18, 2018	March 11, 2023
11		Ying Yong 应勇	14th	March 11, 2023	Incumbent

Timeline

References

1. "1st meeting of the CPPCC" (PDF). The Common Program of the People's Republic of China. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 September 2024. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
2. "Organic Law of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China". National People's Congress. 11 March 2021. Archived from the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
3. Liao, Zewei (2023-03-04). "NPC 2023: How China Selects Its State Leaders for the Next Five Years". NPC Observer. Archived from the original on 2023-11-07. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
4. "Constitution of the People's Republic of China". National People's Congress. Archived from the original on 3 January 2022. Retrieved 1 November 2023.