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The Main Administration for Affairs of Prisoners of War and Internees ( Russian: Главное управление по делам военнопленных и интернированных НКВД/МВД СССР, ГУПВИ, romanized: GUPVI, GUPVI NKVD SSSR/ MVD SSSR) was an NKVD (later MVD) department in charge of handling of foreign civilian internees and prisoners of war (POWs) in the Soviet Union during and in the aftermath of World War II (1939–1953).
GUPVI was established as a part of the NKVD under the name "Administration for Affairs of Prisoners of War and Internees (UPVI) in September 1939, after the Soviet invasion of Poland. The qualifier "main" was added in January 1945.
The legal foundation for its creation was the Sovnarkom Decree of July 1, 1941 "Regulations on Prisoners of War" ("Положение о военнопленных"), updated by the September 29, 1945 "Regulations on Use of Labor of Prisoners of War" (Положение о трудовом использовании военнопленных).
In many ways, the GUPVI system was similar to GULAG. Its major function was the organization of foreign forced labor in the Soviet Union. Top GUPVI leadership came from the GULAG system. Conditions in the two camp systems were similar: hard labor, poor nutrition and living conditions, high mortality rates.
One major difference with the GULAG system was the absence of convicted criminals in GUPVI camps. Another was that GUPVI camps provided a major source of recruitment of future communist activists for communist states such as the German Democratic Republic and the Polish People's Republic, as well as for various "democratic committees" made up of nationals such as Japanese and Austrians. Significant efforts were made to "ideologically reforge" (идеологическая перековка) prisoners, and numerous clubs, libraries and local radio stations were created.
During the GUPVI's fourteen-year existence, it administered over 500 POW camps in the Soviet Union and abroad, housing over four million prisoners.
Chiefs
- 1939-1943: Pyotr Soprunenko,
- 1943-1945: , lieutenant general
- 1945-1947: (Krivenko Mikhail Spiridonovich, 1904–1954)
- 1947-1949: , lieutenant general
- 1949-1950: I.A. Petrov, lieutenant general (deputy chief, until his discharge for health reasons on November 21, 1950)
- 1950-1953: Amayak Kobulov, lieutenant general (1950-1951: NKVD GUPVI, 1951-1953: MVD UPVI)
See also
- List of POW camps in the Soviet Union
- Katyn massacre
Notes
- Numerous translations of the name of the department have appeared in English sources including "Chief Administration for POW and Internee Affairs", "Main Directorate for POW and Internee Affairs", "Main Administration for the Affairs of Prisoners of War and Internees", and "Main Administration of Prisoners of War and Interned Personnel".
References
- Barshay, Andrew E. (16 August 2013). The Gods Left First. Univ of California Press. ISBN 9780520956575.
- Soroka, Lora. Archives of the Communist Party and Soviet State: Fond 89: Communist Party ... Hoover Press. ISBN 9780817927837.
- Poli?An, P. M. (January 2004). Against Their Will. Central European University Press. ISBN 9789639241688.
- Siegelbaum, Lewis H. (15 August 2011). Cars for Comrades. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0801461484.
- "POW in the system of the forced labor in the USSR", Modest Kolerov, Otechestvennye Zapiski, no. 3, 2003
- , Im Archipel GUPVI. Kriegsgefangenschaft und Internierung in der Sowjetunion 1941-1956. Wien-München 1995. ISBN 978-3-486-56119-7 (book review, English) (in German)
- Russian translation: 2002, ISBN 5-7281-0424-X
- "Internment: A Form of Soviet Repression of Poles and Polish Citizens" Archived 2014-12-13 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- "GUPVI Archipelago", an article in Arguments and Facts, no. 49, December 2004
- Japanese POV in Krasnoyarsk Krai, by M. Spiridonov
- Nekrasov, Vladimir Filippovich (2002). MVD of Russia: An Encyclopedia (МВД России: энциклопедия). ОЛМА Медиа Групп. p. 541. ISBN 5-224-03722-0.
- Petrov, Nikita. "18". GULAG.
Further reading
- Sharkov, Anatoli, GUPVI Archipelago: Prisoners of War and Internees on the Territory of Belarus: 1944--1951(in Russian) (2003), Minsk, Belarus, ISBN 985-463-094-3 (Online excerpt) (in Russian)
- (ed.) (2005) "Regional Structures of the USSR NKVD/MVD GUPVI, 1941-1951: Reporting and Informational Documents" (Regionalnye Struktury GUPVI NKVD-MVD SSSR, 1941-1951 : Otchetno-Informatsionnye Dokumenty; Региональные структуры ГУПВИ НКВД - МВД СССР. 1941 - 1951: Военнопленные в СССР. 1939 - 1956: Документы и материалы. Отчетно-информационные документы. Т. 5: Кн. 2) ISBN 5-9233-0421-X (in Russian)
- Максим Загорулько, Сергей Сидоров, Елена Цунаева (eds.) Лагеря для военнопленных НКВД-МВД СССР (1939-1956), 2020, ISBN 5042405232[1]
Author: www.NiNa.Az
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The Main Administration for Affairs of Prisoners of War and Internees The template Lang rus is being considered for deletion Russian Glavnoe upravlenie po delam voennoplennyh i internirovannyh NKVD MVD SSSR GUPVI romanized GUPVI GUPVI NKVD SSSR MVD SSSR was an NKVD later MVD department in charge of handling of foreign civilian internees and prisoners of war POWs in the Soviet Union during and in the aftermath of World War II 1939 1953 GUPVI was established as a part of the NKVD under the name Administration for Affairs of Prisoners of War and Internees UPVI in September 1939 after the Soviet invasion of Poland The qualifier main was added in January 1945 The legal foundation for its creation was the Sovnarkom Decree of July 1 1941 Regulations on Prisoners of War Polozhenie o voennoplennyh updated by the September 29 1945 Regulations on Use of Labor of Prisoners of War Polozhenie o trudovom ispolzovanii voennoplennyh In many ways the GUPVI system was similar to GULAG Its major function was the organization of foreign forced labor in the Soviet Union Top GUPVI leadership came from the GULAG system Conditions in the two camp systems were similar hard labor poor nutrition and living conditions high mortality rates One major difference with the GULAG system was the absence of convicted criminals in GUPVI camps Another was that GUPVI camps provided a major source of recruitment of future communist activists for communist states such as the German Democratic Republic and the Polish People s Republic as well as for various democratic committees made up of nationals such as Japanese and Austrians Significant efforts were made to ideologically reforge ideologicheskaya perekovka prisoners and numerous clubs libraries and local radio stations were created During the GUPVI s fourteen year existence it administered over 500 POW camps in the Soviet Union and abroad housing over four million prisoners Chiefs1939 1943 Pyotr Soprunenko 1943 1945 ru lieutenant general 1945 1947 Krivenko Mikhail Spiridonovich 1904 1954 1947 1949 lieutenant general 1949 1950 I A Petrov lieutenant general deputy chief until his discharge for health reasons on November 21 1950 1950 1953 Amayak Kobulov lieutenant general 1950 1951 NKVD GUPVI 1951 1953 MVD UPVI See alsoList of POW camps in the Soviet Union Katyn massacreNotesNumerous translations of the name of the department have appeared in English sources including Chief Administration for POW and Internee Affairs Main Directorate for POW and Internee Affairs Main Administration for the Affairs of Prisoners of War and Internees and Main Administration of Prisoners of War and Interned Personnel ReferencesBarshay Andrew E 16 August 2013 The Gods Left First Univ of California Press ISBN 9780520956575 Soroka Lora Archives of the Communist Party and Soviet State Fond 89 Communist Party Hoover Press ISBN 9780817927837 Poli An P M January 2004 Against Their Will Central European University Press ISBN 9789639241688 Siegelbaum Lewis H 15 August 2011 Cars for Comrades Cornell University Press ISBN 978 0801461484 POW in the system of the forced labor in the USSR Modest Kolerov Otechestvennye Zapiski no 3 2003 Im Archipel GUPVI Kriegsgefangenschaft und Internierung in der Sowjetunion 1941 1956 Wien Munchen 1995 ISBN 978 3 486 56119 7 book review English in German Russian translation 2002 ISBN 5 7281 0424 X Internment A Form of Soviet Repression of Poles and Polish Citizens Archived 2014 12 13 at the Wayback Machine in Russian GUPVI Archipelago an article in Arguments and Facts no 49 December 2004 Japanese POV in Krasnoyarsk Krai by M Spiridonov Nekrasov Vladimir Filippovich 2002 MVD of Russia An Encyclopedia MVD Rossii enciklopediya OLMA Media Grupp p 541 ISBN 5 224 03722 0 Petrov Nikita 18 GULAG Further readingSharkov Anatoli GUPVI Archipelago Prisoners of War and Internees on the Territory of Belarus 1944 1951 in Russian 2003 Minsk Belarus ISBN 985 463 094 3 Online excerpt in Russian ed 2005 Regional Structures of the USSR NKVD MVD GUPVI 1941 1951 Reporting and Informational Documents Regionalnye Struktury GUPVI NKVD MVD SSSR 1941 1951 Otchetno Informatsionnye Dokumenty Regionalnye struktury GUPVI NKVD MVD SSSR 1941 1951 Voennoplennye v SSSR 1939 1956 Dokumenty i materialy Otchetno informacionnye dokumenty T 5 Kn 2 ISBN 5 9233 0421 X in Russian Maksim Zagorulko Sergej Sidorov Elena Cunaeva eds Lagerya dlya voennoplennyh NKVD MVD SSSR 1939 1956 2020 ISBN 5042405232 1