Azərbaycanca
Deutsch
English
Français
Русский
ภาษาไทย
Українська
The 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Russian: XXII съезд КПСС) was held from 17 to 31 October 1961. In fourteen days of sessions (22 October was a day off), 4,413 delegates, in addition to delegates from 83 foreign Communist parties, listened to Nikita Khrushchev and others review policy issues.[page needed] At the Congress, the Sino-Soviet split hardened, especially due to Soviet de-Stalinization efforts, and it was the last Congress to be attended by the Chinese Communist Party. The Congress elected the 22nd Central Committee.
Speeches, splits and plans
Other than Sino-Soviet disputes, matters dealt with at the Congress included accepting the Third Program of the CPSU and statute, and the opening of the Volgograd Hydroelectric Plant, the largest in Europe or Russia at the time. The Soviets also tested the world's most powerful thermonuclear bomb ("Tsar Bomba") in Novaya Zemlya in the Arctic Circle, creating the largest man-made explosion in history. They also accepted the removal of Stalin's remains from the Lenin Mausoleum, the renaming of several cities named after Stalin and other Stalin-era politicians, and Khrushchev's declaration and plans to build communism in 20 years. Historian Archie Brown wrote that the program was "the last authoritative document produced by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union to take entirely seriously the building of a communist society." Nikita Khrushchev also proposed to revise CPSU's statutes and implement a "systematic renewal of cadres" that would limit terms of individuals in elected party posts and rules for turnover in other Party bodies, worrying that "a gradual freezing of personnel policy would block up the system, and stagnation would occur." However, the proposal was opposed by other Party members. It is believed that Khrushchev's proposal contributed to his later oust from power.
The Chinese Communist Party sent a delegation led by Zhou Enlai, with Peng Zhen and Kang Sheng to attend the Congress. Zhou and his colleagues placed a separate wreath 'Dedicated to the great Marxist, Comrade Stalin'. During the meeting, Zhou expressed opposition to Khrushchev's attack on Albania and left earlier on October 23 after his views were refuted.
See also
- Berlin Crisis of 1961
References
- Bouscaren, Anthony Trawick (1973). Is the Cold War Over?: A New Look at Communist Imperialism. Capitol Hill Press. ISBN 978-0-88221-005-6.
- Evans, Charles T. "Notes on the Sino-Soviet Split". novaonline.nvcc.edu. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
- Gerschenkron, Alexander (1962). "The Changeability of a Dictatorship". World Politics. 14 (4): 576–604. doi:10.2307/2009310. ISSN 1086-3338. JSTOR 2009310. S2CID 155050672.
- "Tsar Bomba". Atomic Heritage Foundation. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
- "The Soviet Weapons Program - The Tsar Bomba". nuclearweaponarchive.org. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
- "Stalin's body removed from Lenin's tomb - Oct 31, 1961 - HISTORY.com". HISTORY.com. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
- "Volgograd renamed Stalingrad for day as the Second World War battle remembered". The Telegraph. 2 February 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
- Brown, Archie (2009). The Rise and Fall of Communism. Ecco. pp. 256. ISBN 9780061138799.
- Svolik, Milan. The Politics of Authoritarian Rule. Cambridge University Press. pp. 174–175.
- MacFarquhar, Roderick (1997). The Origins of the Cultural Revolution- 3. The Coming of the Cataclysm 1961-1966. pp. 126–129.
External links
- The Road to Communism: Documents of the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, October 17-31, 1961
- Programme of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Adopted by the 22nd Congress of the C.P.S.U. October 31, 1961
- Rules of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union adopted by the 22nd Congress
- Open Source Archives - "In Connection with the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union"[permanent dead link]
- Documents of the 22nd Congress of the CPSU; Vol I
- Documents of the 22nd Congress of the CPSU; Vol II
- Program of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. With a special pref. to the American ed. by N. S. Khrushchev.
- Twenty-Second Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970–1979).
Author: www.NiNa.Az
Publication date:
wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library, article, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games, mobile, phone, android, ios, apple, mobile phone, samsung, iphone, xiomi, xiaomi, redmi, honor, oppo, nokia, sonya, mi, pc, web, computer
The 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Russian XXII sezd KPSS was held from 17 to 31 October 1961 In fourteen days of sessions 22 October was a day off 4 413 delegates in addition to delegates from 83 foreign Communist parties listened to Nikita Khrushchev and others review policy issues page needed At the Congress the Sino Soviet split hardened especially due to Soviet de Stalinization efforts and it was the last Congress to be attended by the Chinese Communist Party The Congress elected the 22nd Central Committee 1961 USSR Postal Stamp celebrating the 22nd CongressSpeeches splits and plansOther than Sino Soviet disputes matters dealt with at the Congress included accepting the Third Program of the CPSU and statute and the opening of the Volgograd Hydroelectric Plant the largest in Europe or Russia at the time The Soviets also tested the world s most powerful thermonuclear bomb Tsar Bomba in Novaya Zemlya in the Arctic Circle creating the largest man made explosion in history They also accepted the removal of Stalin s remains from the Lenin Mausoleum the renaming of several cities named after Stalin and other Stalin era politicians and Khrushchev s declaration and plans to build communism in 20 years Historian Archie Brown wrote that the program was the last authoritative document produced by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union to take entirely seriously the building of a communist society Nikita Khrushchev also proposed to revise CPSU s statutes and implement a systematic renewal of cadres that would limit terms of individuals in elected party posts and rules for turnover in other Party bodies worrying that a gradual freezing of personnel policy would block up the system and stagnation would occur However the proposal was opposed by other Party members It is believed that Khrushchev s proposal contributed to his later oust from power The Chinese Communist Party sent a delegation led by Zhou Enlai with Peng Zhen and Kang Sheng to attend the Congress Zhou and his colleagues placed a separate wreath Dedicated to the great Marxist Comrade Stalin During the meeting Zhou expressed opposition to Khrushchev s attack on Albania and left earlier on October 23 after his views were refuted See alsoBerlin Crisis of 1961ReferencesBouscaren Anthony Trawick 1973 Is the Cold War Over A New Look at Communist Imperialism Capitol Hill Press ISBN 978 0 88221 005 6 Evans Charles T Notes on the Sino Soviet Split novaonline nvcc edu Retrieved 17 August 2017 Gerschenkron Alexander 1962 The Changeability of a Dictatorship World Politics 14 4 576 604 doi 10 2307 2009310 ISSN 1086 3338 JSTOR 2009310 S2CID 155050672 Tsar Bomba Atomic Heritage Foundation Retrieved 17 August 2017 The Soviet Weapons Program The Tsar Bomba nuclearweaponarchive org Retrieved 17 August 2017 Stalin s body removed from Lenin s tomb Oct 31 1961 HISTORY com HISTORY com Retrieved 17 August 2017 Volgograd renamed Stalingrad for day as the Second World War battle remembered The Telegraph 2 February 2013 Retrieved 17 August 2017 Brown Archie 2009 The Rise and Fall of Communism Ecco pp 256 ISBN 9780061138799 Svolik Milan The Politics of Authoritarian Rule Cambridge University Press pp 174 175 MacFarquhar Roderick 1997 The Origins of the Cultural Revolution 3 The Coming of the Cataclysm 1961 1966 pp 126 129 External linksWikimedia Commons has media related to 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union The Road to Communism Documents of the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union October 17 31 1961 Programme of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Adopted by the 22nd Congress of the C P S U October 31 1961 Rules of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union adopted by the 22nd Congress Open Source Archives In Connection with the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union permanent dead link Documents of the 22nd Congress of the CPSU Vol I Documents of the 22nd Congress of the CPSU Vol II Program of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union With a special pref to the American ed by N S Khrushchev Twenty Second Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia 3rd Edition 1970 1979