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The International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) is a set of documents that was coordinated and organized by Semiconductor Research Corporation and produced by a group of experts in the semiconductor industry. These experts were representative of the sponsoring organisations, including the Semiconductor Industry Associations of Taiwan, South Korea, the United States, Europe, Japan, and China.
As of 2017, ITRS is no longer being updated. Its successor is the International Roadmap for Devices and Systems.
The documents carried disclaimer: "The ITRS is devised and intended for technology assessment only and is without regard to any commercial considerations pertaining to individual products or equipment".
The documents represent best opinion on the directions of research and time-lines up to about 15 years into the future for the following areas of technology:
- System drivers/design
- Test & test equipment
- Front-end processes
- Process integration, devices and structures
- Radio frequency and analog/mixed-signal technologies
- Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)
- Photolithography
- IC interconnects
- Factory integration
- Assembly & packaging
- Environment, safety & health
- Yield enhancement
- Metrology
- Modeling & simulation
- Emerging research devices
- Emerging research materials
History
Constructing an integrated circuit, or any semiconductor device, requires a series of operations—photolithography, etching, metal deposition, and so on. As the industry evolved, each of these operations were typically performed by specialized machines built by a variety of commercial companies. This specialization may potentially make it difficult for the industry to advance, since in many cases it does no good for one company to introduce a new product if the other needed steps are not available around the same time. A technology roadmap can help this by giving an idea when a certain capability will be needed. Then each supplier can target this date for their piece of the puzzle.
With the progressive externalization of production tools to the suppliers of specialized equipment, participants identified a need for a clear roadmap to anticipate the evolution of the market and to plan and control the technological needs of IC production. For several years, the Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA) gave this responsibility of coordination to the United States, which led to the creation of an American style roadmap, the National Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (NTRS).
In 1998, the SIA became closer to its European, Japanese, Korean, and Taiwanese counterparts by creating the first global roadmap: The International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS). This international group has (as of the 2003 edition) 936 companies which were affiliated with working groups within the ITRS. The organization was divided into Technical Working Groups (TWGs) which eventually grew in number to 17, each focusing on a key element of the technology and associated supply chain. Traditionally, the ITRS roadmap was updated in even years, and completely revised in odd years.
The last revision of the ITRS Roadmap was published in 2013[usurped]. The methodology and the physics behind the scaling results for 2013 tables is described in transistor roadmap projection using predictive full-band atomistic modeling which covers double gate MOSFETs over the 15 years to 2028.
With the generally acknowledged sunsetting of Moore's law and, ITRS issuing in 2016 its final roadmap, a new initiative for a more generalized roadmapping was started through the IEEE's Rebooting Computing initiative, named the International Roadmap for Devices and Systems (IRDS).
ITRS 2.0
In April 2014, the ITRS committee announced it would be reorganizing the ITRS roadmap to better suit the needs of the industry. The plan was to take all the elements included in the 17 technical working groups and map them into seven focus topics:
- System integration
- This is a design-focused topic that examines architectures, and how to integrate heterogeneous blocks.
- Outside system connectivity
- Focuses on wireless technologies, how they work, and how to choose the best solution.
- Heterogeneous integration
- The focus will be on integration of separately manufactured technologies into a new unit so that they function better than the individual pieces do separately - whilst allowing for components such as cameras and microphones.
- Heterogeneous components
- Focuses on different devices that form heterogeneous systems, such as MEMS, power generation, and sensing devices.
- Beyond CMOS
- The focus is on devices that provide electronics but aren’t CMOS based, such as spintronics, memristors, and others.
- More Moore
- Because there is still work to be done, this group will take on the continued shrinking of CMOS.
- Factory integration
- Focus will be on the new tools and processes to produce heterogeneous integration of all these things.
Chapters on each topic were published in 2015.
References
- Zhirnov, Victor (2022). "Research snapshots from the 40th year of the Semiconductor Research Corporation". MRS Advances. 7 (29): 629. Bibcode:2022MRSAd...7..629Z. doi:10.1557/s43580-022-00357-5.
- Gargini, P. (2000). "The International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS): Past, present and future". 22nd Annual Gallium Arsenide Integrated Circuit (GaAs IC) Symposium. IEEE. pp. 3–5. doi:10.1109/GAAS.2000.906261.
- Schaller, R.R. (2004). Technological innovation in the semiconductor industry: a case study of the international technology roadmap for semiconductors (ITRS) (PDF) (Ph.D.). George Mason University.
- Schaller, R. (2001). "Technological innovation in the semiconductor industry: a case study of the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS)". Management of Engineering and Technology, 2001. PICMET'01. Portland International Conference on. Vol. 1. IEEE. p. 195. doi:10.1109/PICMET.2001.951917. Article summarizing thesis of the same name.
- Spencer, W.J.; Seidel, T.E. (1995). "National technology roadmaps: the US semiconductor experience". Solid-State and Integrated Circuit Technology, 1995 4th International Conference on. IEEE. pp. 211–220. doi:10.1109/ICSICT.1995.500069.
- Waldner, Jean-Baptiste (2007). Nanocomputers and Swarm Intelligence. London: ISTE. pp. 50–53. ISBN 978-1-84704-002-2.
- von Trapp, Francoise. "Executive Interview: Bill Bottoms Talks about Revamping the ITRS Roadmap". 3D InCites. 3D InCites. Retrieved April 14, 2015.
- IRDS launch announcement 4 MAY 2016
- ITRS 2.0 reports[usurped]
- ITRS 2.0 chapters
Further reading
- Bennett, Herbert S. (January–February 2007). "Will Future Measurement Needs of the Semiconductor Industry be Met?" (PDF). Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. 112 (1): 25–38. doi:10.6028/jres.112.002. PMC 4654602. PMID 27110452. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-10-17.
- Esmaeilzadeh, H.; Blem, E.; Amant, R.S.; Sankaralingam, K.; Burger, D. (2011). "Dark silicon and the end of multicore scaling" (PDF). 2011 38th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA). pp. 365–376. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.210.8363. ISBN 9781450304726.
External links
- Official itrs2 website[usurped]
- Mirror of the original website at Archive.org
- Yearly ITRS reports
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The International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors ITRS is a set of documents that was coordinated and organized by Semiconductor Research Corporation and produced by a group of experts in the semiconductor industry These experts were representative of the sponsoring organisations including the Semiconductor Industry Associations of Taiwan South Korea the United States Europe Japan and China As of 2017 ITRS is no longer being updated Its successor is the International Roadmap for Devices and Systems The documents carried disclaimer The ITRS is devised and intended for technology assessment only and is without regard to any commercial considerations pertaining to individual products or equipment The documents represent best opinion on the directions of research and time lines up to about 15 years into the future for the following areas of technology System drivers design Test amp test equipment Front end processes Process integration devices and structures Radio frequency and analog mixed signal technologies Microelectromechanical systems MEMS Photolithography IC interconnects Factory integration Assembly amp packaging Environment safety amp health Yield enhancement Metrology Modeling amp simulation Emerging research devices Emerging research materialsHistoryConstructing an integrated circuit or any semiconductor device requires a series of operations photolithography etching metal deposition and so on As the industry evolved each of these operations were typically performed by specialized machines built by a variety of commercial companies This specialization may potentially make it difficult for the industry to advance since in many cases it does no good for one company to introduce a new product if the other needed steps are not available around the same time A technology roadmap can help this by giving an idea when a certain capability will be needed Then each supplier can target this date for their piece of the puzzle With the progressive externalization of production tools to the suppliers of specialized equipment participants identified a need for a clear roadmap to anticipate the evolution of the market and to plan and control the technological needs of IC production For several years the Semiconductor Industry Association SIA gave this responsibility of coordination to the United States which led to the creation of an American style roadmap the National Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors NTRS The first semiconductor roadmap published by the SIA in 1993 In 1998 the SIA became closer to its European Japanese Korean and Taiwanese counterparts by creating the first global roadmap The International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors ITRS This international group has as of the 2003 edition 936 companies which were affiliated with working groups within the ITRS The organization was divided into Technical Working Groups TWGs which eventually grew in number to 17 each focusing on a key element of the technology and associated supply chain Traditionally the ITRS roadmap was updated in even years and completely revised in odd years The last revision of the ITRS Roadmap was published in 2013 usurped The methodology and the physics behind the scaling results for 2013 tables is described in transistor roadmap projection using predictive full band atomistic modeling which covers double gate MOSFETs over the 15 years to 2028 With the generally acknowledged sunsetting of Moore s law and ITRS issuing in 2016 its final roadmap a new initiative for a more generalized roadmapping was started through the IEEE s Rebooting Computing initiative named the International Roadmap for Devices and Systems IRDS ITRS 2 0In April 2014 the ITRS committee announced it would be reorganizing the ITRS roadmap to better suit the needs of the industry The plan was to take all the elements included in the 17 technical working groups and map them into seven focus topics System integration This is a design focused topic that examines architectures and how to integrate heterogeneous blocks Outside system connectivity Focuses on wireless technologies how they work and how to choose the best solution Heterogeneous integration The focus will be on integration of separately manufactured technologies into a new unit so that they function better than the individual pieces do separately whilst allowing for components such as cameras and microphones Heterogeneous components Focuses on different devices that form heterogeneous systems such as MEMS power generation and sensing devices Beyond CMOS The focus is on devices that provide electronics but aren t CMOS based such as spintronics memristors and others More Moore Because there is still work to be done this group will take on the continued shrinking of CMOS Factory integration Focus will be on the new tools and processes to produce heterogeneous integration of all these things Chapters on each topic were published in 2015 ReferencesZhirnov Victor 2022 Research snapshots from the 40th year of the Semiconductor Research Corporation MRS Advances 7 29 629 Bibcode 2022MRSAd 7 629Z doi 10 1557 s43580 022 00357 5 Gargini P 2000 The International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors ITRS Past present and future 22nd Annual Gallium Arsenide Integrated Circuit GaAs IC Symposium IEEE pp 3 5 doi 10 1109 GAAS 2000 906261 Schaller R R 2004 Technological innovation in the semiconductor industry a case study of the international technology roadmap for semiconductors ITRS PDF Ph D George Mason University Schaller R 2001 Technological innovation in the semiconductor industry a case study of the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors ITRS Management of Engineering and Technology 2001 PICMET 01 Portland International Conference on Vol 1 IEEE p 195 doi 10 1109 PICMET 2001 951917 Article summarizing thesis of the same name Spencer W J Seidel T E 1995 National technology roadmaps the US semiconductor experience Solid State and Integrated Circuit Technology 1995 4th International Conference on IEEE pp 211 220 doi 10 1109 ICSICT 1995 500069 Waldner Jean Baptiste 2007 Nanocomputers and Swarm Intelligence London ISTE pp 50 53 ISBN 978 1 84704 002 2 von Trapp Francoise Executive Interview Bill Bottoms Talks about Revamping the ITRS Roadmap 3D InCites 3D InCites Retrieved April 14 2015 IRDS launch announcement 4 MAY 2016 ITRS 2 0 reports usurped ITRS 2 0 chaptersFurther readingBennett Herbert S January February 2007 Will Future Measurement Needs of the Semiconductor Industry be Met PDF Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 112 1 25 38 doi 10 6028 jres 112 002 PMC 4654602 PMID 27110452 Archived from the original PDF on 2011 10 17 Esmaeilzadeh H Blem E Amant R S Sankaralingam K Burger D 2011 Dark silicon and the end of multicore scaling PDF 2011 38th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture ISCA pp 365 376 CiteSeerX 10 1 1 210 8363 ISBN 9781450304726 External linksOfficial itrs2 website usurped Mirror of the original website at Archive org Yearly ITRS reports